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President Obasanjo: Yes, to Negotiations; No, to TPLF

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It is reassuring that the African Union has appointed the former Nigerian President Olusegun Obasanjo as an envoy to the Horn of Africa, as the Union is taking up a more active role in pursuing African solutions to African problems. We celebrate this move.
As part of Obasanjo’s new role, it is highly anticipated that he would be involved in mediating the conflict in Ethiopia. Some advanced, but yet to be fully substantiated, reports hint a proposal for removing the designation of the TPLF as a terrorist group in the offing.
Coup d’etat
On the dead night of November 3rd, 2020, the TPLF attacked the biggest, and massively resourced, army base in Ethiopia of the Northern command to overthrow the government. The thunderous, most coordinated and pre-emptive attack, by its own admission, was intended to annihilate the force, amass the arms and then march to Addis Ababa to overthrow the Abiy government.
In this catastrophically failed mutiny, thousands of soldiers and army officers were systematically and selectively slaughtered while in their sleep. Others who got caught or surrendered were brutalized and murdered in the most heinous and cruel way.
This TPLF putsch against a legitimate government is a coup d’etat which is vehemently denounced by the African Union.
Terrorism
Time and again, the TPLF, since its inception, has committed atrocities of untold proportions. Just the recent horrific massacres in the Amhara and Afar regions murdering children, women, the elderly and the clergy are painfully fresh in our memories. The burning and pillaging of villages, looting and destroying industries and infrastructure, bombing churches and mosques, targeting camps for the displaced, and slaughtering farm animals grazing in the field frighteningly exhibit its psychopathic tenacity for extreme violence and aggression.
For that matter, the atrocities committed by TPLF is not meted out just on other Ethiopians. The cabal is notorious for brutalizing the very people it claims to “liberate” for nearly five decades including when it brutally governed the country for more than half of its vicious life. In the recent reports including the New York Times, it has massively recruited child soldiers as little as 10 years old forcefully and deceptively. There are also reports of mass shootings of soldiers and recruits accused of retreating from the front.
Such acts massively violet the UN conventional and other international laws.
Dismantling a nation
According to the TPLF’s unhinged spokesperson, the intention of the TPLF is pretty bizarre, if not suicidal. He openly declared on one major news media it owns: “If we have to, we’ll go to hell to dismantle Ethiopia.” This blatant bravado followed the open threat to exact revenge against the Amharas. While the direct threat to Amhara’s as a group was being contemplated, the bare audacity for dismantling Ethiopia as a nation frighteningly ensued.
Exacting revenge however did not stop at the gate of the Amharas where it continues to murder innocent people, loot property, pillage villages, destroy infrastructure, and more. The terror group has concurrently invaded the Afar region and committed similar heinous crimes.
The open threat of going to “hell” to dismantle the nation has awakened and galvanized the nation unlike any other time in its recent history. Ethiopians are deeply united in their unwavering resolve to once-and-for-all crash this destructive cabal to ensure the survival and continuity of the proud nation. That is the overwhelming national consensus.
These declared threats to openly conspire and incite the destruction of a nation violates directly and unequivocally the principles of the African Union and the UN and other international laws.
Negotiations?
It is on the background of this brief, but vicious, history of the cabal that President Obasanjo may be ushered to mediate the government whose parliament already declared the group as a terrorist organization. Thus, if the unconfirmed report of removing the designation of the TPLF was true, it would not be the prerogative of the government, but the incoming parliament. The way things are, there is absolutely no appetite to entertain that proposal.
President Obasanjo may instead propose the surrender of the cabal leaders, disarming of forces (fully, verifiably and promptly) and mass amnesty to all who participated in the conflict. He may also propose to the government to commit to ensuring a fair trial, rehabilitate the affected regions, and expedite regional election and self-rule.
This may sound lopsided, but here are the facts on the ground: 1) the TPLF as an organization is simply irredeemable; this is not just a government position, but an overwhelming national sentiment at home and abroad; 2) the Ethiopian defence forces have fully recovered and now have a more superior human and fire power, with diminished interest for anything other than total annihilation; 3) the toll on the Tigreans has been particularly colossal given the way the TPLF has conducted the conflict using human waves; it is simply implausible to continue along this catastrophic path where thousands and thousands of death are reported at every major clash.
Now, is there any optimism that the TPLF will consider the terms of this negotiation? Not really. Its history may not entertain this possibility unless its vocal diaspora and some of the extreme elements that are hellbent to dismantle the country are effectively tamed. More so, the major powers which have so far unabashedly propping up the terrorist group may need to re-calibrate their support towards moderate groups who could engage with the government.
For that matter, the TPLF may not even recognize the mediation role of Obasanjo after all. In its letter to the UN Secretary General recently, it arrogantly rejected that possibility, accusing the African statesman and the Union as biased. So, its intention has been to parachute a solution to the problem from the US and European capitals. But then the time for choosing a mediator and terms of the mediation seems to be closing in as the TPLF is battered in all fronts by assortment of united federal and regional forces, including peasants and herdsmen. Even more, the group’s maddening atrocities as it is being routed and the well-orchestrated unfair, biased, dishonest and blatant diplomatic and international media blitz against the government is hardening the resolve of the nation even more to mortally crush it.
To be sure, Ethiopians welcome and deeply treasure the principle of African solutions to African problems. But yet, the African terror group has already rejected the African statesman in its utter disdain and destructive arrogance towards fellow Africans. Well, at the end, they may have done a great disservice to themselves by prematurely deposing Obasanjo now that they have to tame their position and push their enablers to overdrive amidst the fast loss on the battleground.
In Conclusion
From the smallest hamlets in the deep rural Ethiopia to the trendy streets of Addis Ababa to the high boulevards of Europe and America, Ethiopians are united as never before to “undismantle” their beloved nation.
In one of my earlier pieces I wrote:
There may be real and potential “failed” states in Africa, and elsewhere. Ethiopia will not be one by its sheer power of enduring gallantry, fierce independence, unshakeable faith and the Grace of God. Adwa is my witness.
To this I would add, unwavering resolve, endless love and relentless tenacity to defend and die for the sovereignty and integrity of Ethiopia.
To conclude, negotiations or not, Ethiopia shall overcome. Adwa is my enduring witness.

The Queen of Sheba may be reached at QueenOfSheba2020@outlook.com

Simon Halefom

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Simon Halefom presented an Augmented Reality photo exhibition at Fendika Cultural Center until September 10. Those who attended went there with their smartphone and experienced imageries and movements of Ethiocolor in a refreshing way. Augmented reality (AR) is an enhanced version of the real physical world that is achieved through the use of digital visual elements, sound, or other sensory stimuli delivered via technology.

(Photo: Anteneh Aklilu)

Review: ‘Faya Dayi’ observes rural Ethiopia and the crop that transfixes its people

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Filmmaker Jessica Beshir’s bending, swaying nonfiction journey “Faya Dayi” explores rural Ethopia by way of the production and consumption of the chewable narcotic leaf called khat an approach not in the traditional manner of an issue documentary or informational travelogue, however, but as a state of mind to be received. That drug, in other words, called cinema. Yes, there are harvesters, packagers and users speaking to us, and a camera that captures a community dependent on and wary of its grip. Yet in eschewing directness of intent for the artful massaging of space, sound and rhythm, Beshir’s film a very personal project for the Mexican Ethiopian director, which she shot over 10 years stakes a richer claim to our sense of the place and the effect of its most lucrative crop.
The black-and-white photography is tenderly textured even in its starkness, as evocative with a diaphanous curtain in sunlight as with people working at night, and the nature all around them. It’s also a melancholic indicator, however, that while this is a beautiful culture, it’s in the grip of a monochrome economy that’s swallowing everyone. “Everyone chews to get away,” one boy’s voice-over tells us. “Their flesh is here but their soul is gone.” The bustle of khat’s reaping in the fields, bundling in packed warehouses and selling on the streets is not unlike the plant’s stimulating effects one source of energy in the film, while interiors with transfixed chewers and ritualized users (it’s been a Sufi pathway to transcendence for centuries) create another mood entirely.
The heartbeat of Beshir’s film, though, is with its wandering young narrators people looking for a way out of a homeland they love and worry for. Her threading of their collective searching presence, like lonely guides navigating an encompassing, self-medicated haze, is what gives “Faya Dayi” its dignifying, transfixing intimacy and what renders it unlike any other documentary you’re likely to see.
(LA Times)

Sustainable resources

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Bamboo and rattan are astounding resources with unique potential to combat poverty and natural resources challenges. They grow locally to some of the world’s poorest communities in the tropics and subtropics, and have many uses, providing a vast range of sustainable products, livelihood options and ecosystem services. If wisely harnessed the potential of bamboo and rattan will be instrumental to preserving the environment and climate as well as the goals set by the UN-Sustainable Development Goals.
One organization on the fore front of using the potential of bamboo and rattan is the International Bamboo and Rattan Organisation (INBAR) which was founded in 1997. Over the years, INBAR has been making a real difference to the lives of millions of people and environments around the world, with achievements in areas such as: raising standards; promoting safe, resilient bamboo construction; restoring degraded land; capacity-building; and informing green policy and Sustainable Development Goal objectives. Capital sat down with Regional Program Manager, Selim Reza (PhD) for insights on the organisation’s work in Ethiopia. Excerpts;

 

Capital: Tell us about INBAR?

Selim Reza: International Bamboo and Rattan Organization /INBAR/ is an intergovernmental organization. Currently, there are 48 member countries and majority of the member countries are from the African countries. We have the head quarter in Beijing China and we have a few numbers of regional offices which are from the East Asian countries. We also have an office in Delhi India, and for Central African countries, we have an office in Cameroon. Furthermore, we have an office in Ecuador for Latin America while the East African office is here in Addis Ababa.
Basically we work with the government, private partners and entrepreneurs’, media people, (journalists), researchers, academicians and scientist. You can say that our work deals with scientific research for the future development. Moreover, we support technology transfer to the community so that they can uplift themselves in the bamboo sector.
Our main focus is in three major areas: The first is the Enterprise development or Enterprise and Industry support. Secondly, we also support land restoration and thirdly, climate change mitigation. So these are our three core areas as per the UN-SDG goals. Our support overall completes a few number of UN-SGD goals which are around 7 through bamboo activities.

(Photo: Anteneh Aklilu)

With regards to the East African office in Addis Ababa, it was established in 2009 and we have a number of projects. We already are implementing projects which give us the encouragement and the confidence to work with the government. Initially, we have with the ministry of agriculture and the Ethiopian forest and climate change commission and we hope to work and collaborate with other government bodies in our projects.
For our facilitation and smooth operation of our activities we have one representative in the commission, who is a senior officer deployed and is working now. These are some of the examples of the dynamic group operations and also facilitation with the linkages within the INBAR as well as the commission.
Currently, we have two projects which are being implemented here in Ethiopia. One is being implemented in Amhara region funded by the IFL whilst the other project is East Africa, bamboo development program which is a phase 2 project, a progress from the first phase which was started in 2016 and completed in 2019.
We strongly believe that developmental projects are in line with the good work in terms of the policies and local capacity buildings to the local government ministries and community. As a result the second phase of the project was extended until December 2023. The project is supported by the Dutch ministry as well the government of China and we have several partners in the program as well.

Capital: Who are your partners?

Selim Reza: Ethiopian Environment, Forest and Climate Change Commission, Ethiopian Trade and Tourism Enterprise and several universities, are a great example of partners who we are doing some research with. Moreover, we collaborate with the Ethiopian Environments Policy Research Institution as well as private partners in the bamboo industry.
Within our working structure of activities, we have a few number of core activities as part of the project design. One is promoting the industrial bamboo value chain for the small enterprises as well as the industry. For the small enterprises we focus on capacity building, new design development, technology promotion and market promotions which we place emphasis on to strengthen the value chain.
Apart from capacity building and value chain development on the industry, we pay close attention to workers especially so that they can produce quality products and work in line with the company. We are also working with an outcome for the large scale land restoration and new area plantation for ‘Bamboo Plantation’ especially and nursery developments. To this end we are promoting large-scale, nurseries and also medium and small scale with different types. In addition to this, we are providing different kinds of training to the local community for the management and establishment of the nursery. We are also lining people in different departments, especially from the forest Department at EFCC in the agriculture Ministry, like development workers as well as the different experts.

(Photo: Anteneh Aklilu)

We primarily provide the training so as to best train them as well as develop their capacity so that they can tackle their job head on. In conjunction to this, we also promote bamboo charcoal based activities for the clean energy program.

Capital: Kindly elaborate further about the bamboo charcoal.

Selim Reza: It is one of our new projects focusing on bamboo charcoal. Bamboo charcoal has no smoke and burns smoothly. The main benefit is that by using bamboo charcoal, we are not destroying the forest, since bamboo is a renewable resource. Bamboo charcoal is four times more porous than regular wood charcoal. That means – it is a lot more effective.
One of the best things about bamboo charcoal is that it produces significantly fewer pollutants compared to wood charcoals, making it an eco-friendly source of renewable energy.
The bamboo charcoal adsorbs odor and pollutant particles by trapping them while air or water flows through the pores, purifying the surrounding air or water in the process. Thus it can be used as a dehumidifier and deodorizer. This has made it popular with the women who are at the fore front of cooking in traditional kitchens.
With regards to this project, we are implementing it in Bahirdar with different model bamboo charcoal enterprises in collaboration with NGOs, community government and professional partners.

Capital: How are you planning to promote the bamboo sector for the future?

Selim Reza: We are working on activities to develop a bamboo curriculum to help industries get certified people and we are going to do it in stepwise levels like from level on to three using different courses. This will strengthen the future’s sector as well as its credibility and standard. In addition, we are also trialing and testing some of our product lines which are almost on shipment state for the high land and low land bamboo. Because Ethiopia has two bamboo kinds, the highland and the lowland, we can use both of the species to make different products as a result we are sending full containers of both bamboos to China. In turn the Chinese industries are working with the ICBR to desk nine products and will also give the report in the multi supply chain and multiple users of bamboo in the industry. We are further promoting the sector by doing research on the use of bamboo leaves in addition to working with entrepreneurs who are working on producing bamboo bio fertilizer.
Regarding the market promotion, we are having different industry visits and market promotions as well as investor meetings, but due to the pandemic we were not able to organize inter country meetings.
Similarly, we are working to develop a bamboo depot so as to simplify the supply chain with the farmers to industries.
We have done two researches of which one is the agro climatic journal regarding the bamboo sites while the other is on gender study document on how women can be empowered in the bamboo sector.

Capital: The government is planning to build a bamboo training center. What is INBAR’s participation on this?

Selim Reza: The project is part of the Chinese government’s contribution to which the Ethiopian government will provide land with construction set to commence very soon. INBAR will provide any type of support since we are in the line of partnership with the center since when it is fully complete we will move in the center.

Capital: What’s your thought on government’s support of the bamboo industries?

Selim Reza: I think the government has done positive steps necessary for the industry since it has already prepared its strategic action plan. The government designed the plan in such a way that it will enable the industry to get support by mobilizing resources from different funding agencies. Furthermore, with regards to bamboo transportation, government has also issued license and necessary permits. The Ethiopian Investment Commission /EIC/is also promoting bamboo activities which show the value of support for the industry. The government has also involvement in the clean leadership program and had targeted 10 percent in bamboo plantation and the government is currently achieving more than this, so it is safe to say that government has been part and parcel as a contributor to the sector.

Capital: What are the challenges that the bamboo industry in Ethiopia is facing?

Selim Reza: The major challenge for not only Ethiopia but the entire African countries is the lack of professionals and professionalism in the sector as well as the lack of institutes. Similarly in the market, people still have the notion and mindset that bamboo is the poor man’s invest. However there ought to be a shift in these challenges and we are working on giving out the right information so that society remains informed. We are also focusing and prioritizing professionalism and collaborative efforts of relevant institutions to curve out great products in the market.